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W. H.. FULLER.

PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. H. FULLER.

PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.

No. 466,338. y Patented Jan. 5, 1892.

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W. H. FULLER.

PHOTOGRAPEIG GAMEBA. No. 466,338. Patented Jan. 5, 1892. ITL 503'/ f 'ma mams Pains CoA, morn-umm wnsnmafou. uA c.

UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE. ,y

wILLARD I-LEULLER, OE PAssAI'c, NEw JERsEY, AssIGNoR To THE scovILL a'ADAMs COMPANY, oE NEW YORK, N. Y.

PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.

SPECIFICATION forming part Ormea-.ers Patent No. 466,338, dated January 5, 1892.

Application filed February 23, 1889. Serial No. 300,895. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.- y Be it known that I, WILLARD H. FULLER, of Passaic, in the county of Passaicand State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and yuseful Improvement in Photographic Cameras, of which the following is a specilication.

My present improvement is specially adapted for use in photographic cameras whereinr a number ot' sensitized plates are employed for successive use. It is specially designed for the use of plates of celluloid or analogous material. A

I will describe a camera embodying my improvement, and then point out the novel features in claims.

In the accompanying drawings,Figure l is a plan or top view of a camera embodying my improvement, certain parts being removed and certain other parts being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of this camera. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken at the plane of the dotted line Fig. I, looking toward the front of the camera. Fig. 4 is a front view of the camera with certain parts in section. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the front end portion of the camera, the section being taken through the axis of the lens-tube. Fig. 6 is a front view of the forward end portion of the camera, the front end plate or piece being removed. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, 'showing` certain parts in a different position. 1 It will be uuderstood that Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are on an enlarged scale. Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Adesignates the main portion or dark-chamber of the camera. Forward of this chamber is a chamber A', in which the lens-tube B and shutter mechanism coacting therewith are'located. In this chamber A', I have also shown a finder-camera C. It may be of any suitable construction, and is here shown as consisting of a lens c', an inclined mirror c2, and ahorizontally-arranged ground glass c3. Rearward ot' the compartment A are compartments A2 4A3. All these compartments may be made together, so as to -t`orm a single case or boX. The compartments A2 A3 are separated by a partition a.. Itwill be seen that the com- @12, and at the sides and front end is connect-` ed to a bellows-like flexible covering a2. This covering a2 is also connected to the side walls of the compartments A2 A2 and is connected to the front portion thereof..

The covering a2 is made of any suitable light-excluding material. The combination of this covering and the cover a with the compartments A2 A3 is such` that the cover ainay be raised into an upright position with- ,out admitting any light into either ot' the compartments A2 A2.

In order to allow of the passage of air to v and from the compartments A2 As with sufficient freedom to enable the cover a to be raised and lowered without material resistance, I provide the walls of the compartments with circuits or passages d20 asl. It will be seen that the passage @31 opens at the rear end Wall of the compartment A2, that it eX- tends thence downwardlythrough this end wall to the bottom, thence along the bottom,A and that-itopens intor the interior of the compartment A2. There may be two of the passages aS, one in each side wall of the compartment A2. Asthese-passages are circuitous, light will not be admitted through them into the compartment. p

In the compartment A2 a number of sensi` tized plates D are used. They are of rectangular form, as may be understood by reference to Fig. 3. These plates are of celluloid or analogous material sensitized in any suit-- able manner. They may-be several-ly ar|` ranged in holders ot' any suitable kind. As I.

shown, each is arranged in a holder E, which is open at the front, but which has a solid 'back and has the bottom and side edges turned over to receive within them the edges of a plate D.

Each of the 4holders E has in the upper part slots e. These are located above the corresponding plate D, which tits in such holder. These slots c are intended to be engaged by hooks, whereby the holders, with the plates in them, may be one at a time picked up from' Both the compartments A2 A3 have com- -bined with them a single cover a.

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one part of the camera to be moved into anotherppart.

Itwill be seen that a number of the holders E, containing plates D, are arranged in the compartment A2, one behind the other. They are pushed forward toward the compartment A of the camera by a pusher or follower G, located in the compartment A2. This follower may be made of a rectangular piece of wood fitting snugly in the compartment A2 and guided therein by arms or ribs (,tting in grooves in the sides of the camera. Springs combined with this pusher propel it forward. In the present instance I employ springs H, arranged in grooves in the sides of the camera and connected at one end to the ends of the grooves near the front of the camera and at the other end to the arms g. I have shown the follower G as also provided with an arm g', having teeth arranged thereupon in the form of a rack. This arm its in a groove in the side of the camera and engages with a pinion upon a shaft g. The shaft g extends to the exterior of the camera and may be rotated from the outside for the purpose of moving the follower against the resistance of the springs.

The follower or pusher G moves the plateholders with their contained plates forwardly toward an opening a3, with which the forward end of the compartment A2 is provided. The front plate is exposed to rays of light entering the compartment A, and hence is in position for photographing.

By the raising of the cover a the front plate-holder ywith its plate may be picked up out of the compartment A2 and deposited in the rear compartment A3. When this is done, the plate-holders with their plates remaining in the compartment A2 will be moved forward by the follower or pusher. Obviously each plate-holder, after the exposure of its plate, may be removed from the compartment A2 and placed in the compartment A3. It follows, therefore, that a number of plate-holders with their plates may be arranged in the compartment A2, and after the exposure of each plate may be successively removed from the compartment A2 into the compartment A3 without exposing the same to the light during the transit from the compartment A2 to the compartment A3. The compartment A2 is a holder for plates before photographing, and the compartment A3 is a holder for plates which have been exposed or photographed.

I will now explain the means which I have in the present instance combined with the cover a to elfect the transfer of the plateholders with their plates from the compartment A2 to the compartment A2.

I designates a rock-shaft, here shown as arranged in a recess provided in the inner side of the cover a', on this shaft are allixed arms I', here shown as two in number. The inner side of the cover is provided with recesses, into which these arms may recede when the shaft I is rocked into one extreme position. They are shown as having receded into these recesses, where they are represented in bold lines in Fig. 2. When the rock-shat't-is in its other extreme position, these arms I will occupy a position approxi-4 mately at right angles to the cover a', as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. The rock-shaft springs into such position as to move the arms into a position at right angles to the cover when the cover is moved downwardly into the position indicated by dotted outlines in Fig. 2, and when the cover is moved upwardly into the position in which it is shown in bold outlines in Fig. 2 the rockshaft will move into such position as to move the arms within their recesses in the inner side of the cover. Combined with the rockshaft is a spring, which tends to oscillate it in such direction and to such extent as to move the arms into the position at right angles to the cover. This spring isvin the present instance shown as a spiral spring I2, coiled around the shaft. It is prevented from moving the rock-shaft any further than this by means of a stop I5, consisting of a hook-shaped piece so arranged that one of the arms I will come in contact with it when the rock-shaft has been adjusted far enough to move the arms into the position at right angles to the cover a. One of the arms I has its forward or front edge curved, so as to be more pretuberant about midway between the ends than at the ends. A sliding rod I3, supported in bearings 112 i2, connected to the inner side of the cover, has its forward or outer end bent transversely to bear against the curved front of the arm referred to. The transverselybent end of this rod lits behind an arm t3, attached to the inner side of the cover. lVhen this rod l3 is slid outwardly or toward the front.edge of the cover ct,it will move nearer to the rock-shaft I, upon which the arms I' are affixed, and the spring I2 will then be allowed to act so as to move the rock-shaft in a direction to adjust the arms into a position at right angles to the cover. The sliding rod I3 is connected to a rod I4, which is pivoted to the upper part of the compartment A3. The connection between the rod I4 and the rod I3 consists of a longitudinal slot in the rod I3 and a pin in the rod It. XVhen the cover a is moved downwardly, the rod I4 will move the rod I3 outwardly, whereupon the spring I2 will oscillate the rock-shaft so that it will adjust the arms into a position at right angles to the cover a. This will be done gradually. \Vhen the cover a is raised, the sliding rod I2 will be drawn inwardly, or toward'the rear edge of the cover a. Owing to this its transversely-extended end will move along the front edge of the contiguous arm I, and, operating upon the more protuberant middle portion,will force the arm, and with it the rock-shaft and the other arm I,back into the other extreme position.

The lower ends of the arms I are provided with hooks. These hooks extend forwardly.

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io ends of the hooks are forwardly rounded, so 1 that the hooks may be forced backward behind the plate-holder. The lower ends of their gripper-s 4 extend slightly beyond the hooks. Hence when the hooks descend behind the front plate-holder the grippers will be in front of the upper edge of the plateholder; When the hooks, after the descent of the arms, come opposite the slots e in the forward plate-holder, the arms move slightly 2o forward Linder the influence of the spring I2, so that the hooks will enter the slots. The

grippers will then extend over the-forward extremities lof the hooks and prevent the plate-holder from slipping off them. Vhen z 5 the covera. is raised, the forward plate-holder will be carried up with it, and by the oscillation or swinging of the arms I into their recesses the plate-holder will be disengaged from the hooks and will drop into the compartrnent A3.

I have shown combined with the cover a. I

a gripper-opener, whose function it is to separate the grippers from the hooks when the arms recede into their recesses in the cover 3 5 a. This opener consists of aplate I6, 'secured to the inner side of the cover a adjacent to the recesses for the arms I. This plate has slots near the end. These slots extend through the forward or upper edge of the plate. 'At 4o this edge of the plate they are narrower than theyare a short distance behind. Owing to this lugs 5 are formed. The inner or adjacent sides of the two arms are notched, so that they may pass by the lugs 5 without being eni gaged by the said lugs; but when the grippers come in' contact with these lugs 5 they will be prevented from moving further with the arms I toward the recesses provided for said arms in the side of the cover a', and hence the- 5o hooks and the grippers will be separated to disengage the plate-holder. The complete disengagement of the hooks from the plateholder will be effected by reason of thefreceding of the arms which are provided with the hooks into the recesses inthe cover, because the plateholder cannot follow them into said recesses.

Vhen a plate-holder drops from the hooked arms I', it will fall upon a guide J, arranged 6o at the rear of the compartment A3, here shown as consisting of a downwardly and forwardly extending wi re frame. As the lower edge of the plate-holder will strike this first, the plateholder, in descending, will be given a forward incline at the lower edge. This will tend to direct it forwardlyrin the compartment A3.

The lens-tube .fitted .in aA cylindric holder B and is free to slide longitudinally therein. It has 1a pin p fastened to it. This pin extends upwardly through a slot which is made lengthwise in the upper part of the holder B. An arm p', which is affixed to one end of a rockfshaft P, is provided with a 1ongitudinal slot, into which the pin p projects. The 'shaft P is supported in a bearing P', affixed to the front portion of the camera.' Above the camera-case' the shaft P is provided with a hand-piece P2 and an index-finger P3. The index-finger extends over a plate E4, which may be marked with a series of lines to indicate the position into which the lenstube B should be adjusted to adapt the camera for photographing an object at any particular distance at which the object may be distant. By turning the rock-shaft Pits arm p', actingthrough the pin p, will adjust the lens-tube within its holder. It will be ob served that the lens-tubc has extending across it between the ends a diaphragm 7o, provided with a central opening. It is through this opening that the rays of light enter the camera for photographing. Combined with this diaphragm 7c are plates K K2. These are pivoted at the center by a pin or screw 7a to the diaphragm 71; of the lens-tube; but they are thus pivoted eccentrically to the axis of the lens-tube.` Owing to their eccentricity they extend through a slot in the lens-tube and the holder B, so as to be cut away for quite a distance longitudinally as well as circu mferentially to avoid interfering with the travel of` these plates through it when the lens-tube is adjusted. i

' The plates K K2 can rotate independently upon their pivot-pins. The plate K2 is provided with an arm 7a2. This is connected to a spring 763,. that extends around the holder B and is fastened to a pin 7a2, which is secured to the lens-tube and passes'through a slot formed `longitudinally in the holder, so that the pin can travel through the holder when the lens-tube is moved lengthwise thereof. The spring 7a2 imparts motion to the plate K2 in one direction. The arm 7a2 has also connected to 'it a strap or cord 705. This passes around the lens-tube land is attached to a pulley 766. This pulley has secured to it another pulley 7t'*, upon. which a strap 7.a' is wound and connected. A springt:8 is fastened to the strap or cord 707. The strap or cord 7.,7 .extends around suitable guide-pulleys 7a2 and is fastened to the cover a. It does not extend outside of the camera-body, and hence does not afford any opportunity for the passage of light into the camera. -Itwill be seen that the strap or cord 7c5 passes in the reversedirection from the spring 7c3, andI hence tends to move the plates K2-in the opposite direction to that in which it will be moved by the spring 7c3. When the cover ct is raised, the pulleys 7c 7c* will be rotated, and thisv willl cause the rotation of the plate K''againstthe'- IOO IIO

resistance of the spring 702. y When theplat'e"` K2 has been .moved as far as possible lin this,v

direction, a detent-lever L will engage with a notch 7511, formed in the edge or circumference of the plate, and the plate will then be prevented from returning until such time as the detent-lever shall be disengaged from it. A spring 7c12 actuates the detent-lever to engage with the notch. A pin 791.3, extending to the outside of the camera-body, serves as a means for moving the detent-lever in the reverse direction to disen gage it from the notch. If the cover a is shutdown immediatelyafter having set the plate K2, the strap or cord 701 will not be liable to run olf the guide-pulleys 71:9, because the spring 7a2 will pull it forward and takeup the slack, leaving enough slack between the spring and the pulley 7c. lVhenever the detent-lever is disengaged from the plate K2, the latter will be returned to its original position by thespringki. The plate K2 has an opening 7,314. Then the plate is rotated, this opening k1* will be moved past the opening in the diaphragm 7a of the lenstube.

Having now fully described the plate K2 and its appurtenances, I will explain the plate K This plate is not connected to move in unison with the plate K2. This plate K has an opening k1, like the openingk1 of the plate K2, and this opening 7t15 moves past the opening in the diaphragm t of the lens-tube whenever the plate K is rotated. The plate K has no motion except what is given to it by the plate K2. The plate K hasin its edge or circumference a long notch R16, and the plate K2 has a pin 7e extending rearwardly into the notch 7016 of the plate K. Vhen the plate K2 is moved in the direction which the strap 7a5 gives to it, such plate will not impart any motion to the plate K2 until it has rotated a considerable distance and by so doing has caused its pin 7c to contact through one end of the notch k1 in the plate K. This operation is important in that it insures the opening 7,311 of the plate K2 being out of line with the opening 7615 of the plate K before the plate K2 imparts any motion to the plate K. tion of the plate K2 its further motion imparts a like motion to the plate K' until the detent engages with the plate K2 and holds it. Owing to this independent motion of the two plates, insuring the adjustment of their two openings out of line, the shutter, which is composed of the two plates, may be set without admitting any light into the camera. Vhen the detent-lever is disengaged, the plate K2 moves, under the iniluence of the spring 7c3, along until its pin 7e reaches the other end of the notch k1 in the plate K. By this time the opening 7s of the plate K2 is in line with the opening 7615 of the plate K. The continued movement of the plate K2 under the influence of the spring 7a3 will be participated in by the plate K', and the two plates will then move with their openings 7c 7515 in line past the opening in the diaphragm 7a of the lens-tube. Owing to this :the rays of light will be admitted, as in the After this rst mocase of an ordinary shutter. This shutter, which can be set without admitting any rays of light, is important in connection with a camera wherein plate-holders and plates are shifted from one place to another and one plate is always left exposed to any rays of light which might enter the lens-tube, because it protects the exposed plate during the setting of the shutter.

NV hat l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. The combination, with a photographic camera, of a compartment wherein a plate may be exposed,a movable part arranged above said compartment and fcrmin g a cover therefor, and mechanism connected with said movable part for removing a plate-holder after exposure, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with a photographic camera, of: a compartment wherein a plate may be exposed, a movable part arranged above said compartment and forming acover therefor, a flexible covering extending between the said compartment and the saidi-` movable part, and mechanism combined with said movable part for removing a plateholder aft-er exposure, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a photographic camera, ofa compartment wherein a plate may be exposed, a movable part arranged above said compartment and forming a cover therefor, a flexible covering extending between the said compartment and the said movable part, hooks carried by the said mov able part, and mechanism for oscillating said hooks upon the imovement of the said mov' able part, substantially as specified.

4. The combination, with a photographic camera, of a compartment wherein a plate may be exposed, a movable part arranged above said compartment and forming a cover therefor, a flexible covering extending between the said compartment and the said movable part, hooks carried by the said movable part, and mechanism comprising a sliding rod operated by the movement of the movable part and causing the oscillation of the hooks, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with a photographic camera, of a compartment wherein a plate may be exposed, a movable part arranged above said compartment and forming a cover therefor, a ilexible covering extending between the said compartment and the said movable part, hooks carried by the said movable part, 'a rock-shaft upon which the hooks are mounted, a spring applied to said rockshaft, and a sliding rod operated by the movement of the movable part and causing the oscillation of the hooks, substantially as specified.

6. The combination, with a photographic camera, of a compartment wherein a plate may be exposed, a movable part arranged above said compartment and forminga cover therefor, a flexible covering extending bc- IOO ITO

tween the, said compartment and the said movable part, hooks carried by the said movable part, a rock-shaft upon which the hooks are mounted, a spring applied to said rockshaft, a sliding rod operated by the movement of the movable part and causing the oscillation of the hooks, grippers combined with the hooks, and an opener for said grippers, substantially as specified.

8. The combination, with a photographic camera, of a compartment for plates to be exposed, a follower or pusher for moving said plates forward, a movable part arranged above said compartment and forming a cover therefor, and mechanism combined with said movable part for removing a plate-holder after exposure, substantially as specified.

f 9. The combination, with a photographic camera, of a compartment for plates to be exposed, a follower or pusher for moving said plates forward, a movable part arranged above said compartment and forming a cover therefor, mechanism combined with said movable part for removing the plate-holder after exposure, and a `guide for directing a descending plate-holder forwardly, substantially as specified.

lO. The combination, with a photographic camera, of Va movable part forming a cover for a portion of the camera, the walls of the camera having circuits or inlets for the passage of air or the admission of light during the operation of the movable part, substantially as specified.

A1l. The' combination, with a photographic camera, of a compartment'wherein a plate is exposed, a movable part comprising a cover for a portion of the camera, and a shutter having two plates, each provided with an opening and moved independently, so that in rotating one way theirk openings will be out of line and in rotating the other way their openings will be in line, the said shutter op` erated by the movable part, substantially as specified.

l2. The combination, with a photographic camera, of a compartment wherein a plate is exposed, a movable part arranged above said compartment and forming a cover therefor, mechanism combined with said movable part for removing a plate-holder after exposure, a sh utter having two plates, each provided with an opening and moved independently, so that in rotating one Way their openings will' be out of line and in rotating the other way their openings will be in line, and a connection between said shutter and the movable part, located above the compartment in which the plates are exposed, substantially as specified.

13. The combination, with a photographic camera, of amovable part comprisinga cover for a portion of the camera, a shutter composed cf two plates pivoted to rotate independently, each provided with an'opening, and mechanism, substantially such as described, whereby they will move independently, substantially as specified.

14C. The combination, in a photographic camera, of a number of independent plates, a compartment or receptacle within the cameracase for holding said plates to be exposed, a device'wholly within the camera-case adapted to engage with the upper edge of a plate for shifting it, a portion of the camera-case constructed so as to be free to move up and down for operating the shifting device, and a receptacle in the rear of the rst-named compartment or receptacle, into which the plates may be shifted, said receptacle being constructed to be capable of holding all of said plates, substantially as specified.

WILLARD H. FULLER. Witnesses:

JAMES S. GREvEs, WILLIAM H. ROBINSON. 

